PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is used as a diagnostic tool to identify the presence of disease-causing agents (viruses, bacteria and parasites), as well as genetic mutations from tissue samples, mucus, ovarian fluid, water and other environmental samples.
PCR is an analysis technique that detects sequences of genetic material (DNA, RNA) in a sample. The technique is based on repetitive temperature cycles with amplification of a target sequence that is specific for the desired agent.
Real-time PCR is a variant of the PCR technique. In Real-time PCR, the number of temperature cycles required to detect a target sequence is used to generate the response. This is called a Ct value. A low Ct value indicates a greater amount of the target sequence in the sample.
Real-time PCR as a method is semi-quantitative and Ct values are only indicative of the amount of target sequence in the sample. Our Real-time PCR results are reported qualitatively, i.e. as detected or undetected agent. However, we also state the Ct value which forms the basis for the qualitative answer.
Product list for PCR analyses
We perform the following analysis to detect agents (viruses, bacteria and parasites) in suitable tissues from different fish species:
Atlantic salmon
Aeromonas salmonicida
Bacterial disease: Furunculosis
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Branchiomonas cysticola
Bacterial disease: Epiteliocystis
Suitable tissue for samling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
Bacterial disease: Flavobacteriosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney, gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV)
Viral disease: Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA)
Blue Analytics uses its own developed ISAV sequencing assay for verification of any HPR deletion and virulence marker in sample material with a low amount of virus.
Publicly designated laboratory for the analysis: Yes
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV) HPR0
Avirulent variant of the Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) Virus. Can mutate to a virulent virus variant and cause disease.
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill, mucus (if necessary, use swabs)
Accredited analysis: No
Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV)
Viral disease: Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (IPN)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Moritella viscosa
Bacterial disease: Winter sore
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Paramoeba perurans
Parasitic disease: Amoebic gill disease (AGD)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (use swabs if necessary)
Accredited analysis: No
Paranucleospora theridon
Parasitic disease: “Autumn disease” (Microsporidiosis)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill
Accredited analysis: No
Pasteurella atlantica genomovar salmonicida
Bacterial disease: Posteurellosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Piscine Myocarditis Virus (PMCV)
Viral disease: Cardiomypathy Syndrome (CMS)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Piscine Orthoreo Virus 1 (PRV1)
Viral disease: Heart- and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart
Accredited analysis: No
Renibacterium salmoninarum
Bacterial disease: Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD)
Publicly designated laboratory for the analysis: Yes
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Salmonid Alfa Virus (SAV)
Viral disease: Pancreas Disease (PD)
Blue Analytics can sequence SAV to differentiate between SAV2 and SAV3.
Publicly designated laboratory for the analysis: Yes
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Salmonid Alfa Virus 2 (SAV2)
Viral disease: Pancreas Disease (PD)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Salmon Gill Pox Virus (SGPV)
Viral disease: Salmon pox
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum finmarkense disentrarchi
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum finnmarkense finnmarkense
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum finnmarkense ulcerans
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum maritimum
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis, associated with ulceration
Suitable tissue for sampling: Skin with wounds (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Yersinia ruckeri
Bacterial disease: Yersiniosis (Enteric redmouth disease)
Blue Analytics uses its own developed test to distinguish virulent clonal complex 1 yersinia from environmental strains.
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Rainbow trout
Aeromonas salmonicida
Bacterial disease: Furunculosis
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Branchiomonas cysticola
Bacterial disease: Epiteliocystis
Suitable tissue for samling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
Bacterial disease: Flavobacteriosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney, spleen
Accredited analysis: No
Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV)
Viral disease: Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (IPN)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Moritella viscosa
Bacterial disease: Winter sore
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Paramoeba perurans
Parasitic disease: Amoebic gill disease (AGD)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (use swabs if necessary)
Accredited analysis: No
Paranucleospora theridon
Parasitic disease: “Autumn disease” (Microsporidiosis)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill
Accredited analysis: No
Piscine Orthoreo Virus 3 (PRV3) (Virus Y)
Viral disease: Heart- and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI) -like
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart
Accredited analysis: No
Renibacterium salmoninarum
Bacterial disease: Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD)
Publicly designated laboratory for the analysis: Yes
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Salmonid Alfa Virus (SAV)
Viral disease: Pancreas Disease (PD)
Blue Analytics can sequence SAV to differentiate between SAV2 and SAV3.
Publicly designated laboratory for the analysis: Yes
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, kidney
Accredited analysis: Yes
Salmonid Alfa Virus 2 (SAV2)
Viral disease: Pancreas Disease (PD)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Salmoxcellia vastator
Parasitic disease: Infection with a single-celled organism (protist)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney, liver
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum finmarkense disentrarchi
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum finnmarkense finnmarkense
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum finnmarkense ulcerans
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Tenacibaculum maritimum
Bacterial disease: Tenacibaculosis, associated with ulceration
Suitable tissue for sampling: Skin with wounds (if necessary, use swabs to scrape off skin at the wound edge)
Accredited analysis: No
Yersinia ruckeri
Bacterial disease: Yersiniosis (Enteric redmouth disease)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Atlantic halibut
Reovirus 7
Viral disease: Atlantic halibut reovirus (AHRV)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Liver
Accredited analysis: No
Lumpfish
Aeromonas salmonicida
Bacterial disease: Furunculosis
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Aeromonas salmonicida type V
Bacterial disease: Atypical furunculosis
The most common variant is genotype VI, but all the genotypes I-VI have been associated with disease in lumpfish.
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Aeromonas salmonicida type VI
Bacterial disease: Atypical furunculosis
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
The most common variant is genotype VI, but all the genotypes I-VI have been associated with disease in lumpfish.
Accredited analysis: No
Moritella viscosa
Bacterial disease: Winter sore
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Paramoeba perurans
Parasitic disease: Amoebic gill disease (AGD)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (use swabs if necessary)
Accredited analysis: No
Wrasse
Aeromonas salmonicida
Bacterial disease: Furunculosis
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Aeromonas salmonicida type V
Bacterial disease: Atypical furunculosis
The most common variant is genotype VI, but all the genotypes I-VI have been associated with disease in lumpfish.
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Aeromonas salmonicida type VI
Bacterial disease: Atypical furunculosis
The most common variant is genotype VI, but all the genotypes I-VI have been associated with disease in lumpfish.
Suitable tissue for samling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Moritella viscosa
Bacterial disease: Winter sore
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Paramoeba perurans
Parasitic disease: Amoebic gill disease (AGD)
Suitable tissue for sampling: Gill (use swabs if necessary)
Accredited analysis: No
Tilapia
Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV)
Viral disease: Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis
Suitable tissue for sampling: Spleen, kidney, liver
Accredited analysis: No
Red Seabream Irido Virus (RSIV)
Viral disease: Red Seabream Irido Virus infection
Suitable tissue for sampling: Kidney
Accredited analysis: No
Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV)
Viral disease: Tilapia Lake Virus Disease
Suitable tissue for sampling: Heart, eye, liver
Accredited analysis: No
Please contact us if you could not find the analysis you were looking for. We can often meet the need for analyses other than those listed in the overview.